Typewriting machine



Oct. 16, 1945. AQ G. F. KURowsKl TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed March 8. 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet l Oct. 16, 1945. A. G. F. KuRowsKl 2,387,078

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed March 8, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Inventor A GF/(UQOWLS'M ttorn y Oct. 16, 1945. A. G. F. KURowsKl TYPEWRITING MACHINE 4 Sheefzs-Sheet 3 Filed March 8, 1944 HO-rn A A. G. F. KUROWSKI TYPEWRITING MACHINE oct. 16, 1945.

Filed March 8, 1944 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Inventor A 6'. kanon/,57H

Patented Oct. 16, 1945 TYPEWRITING MACHINE Alfred G. F. Kurowski,

'to Underwood Corpo Delaware Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor. ration, a corporation of application Maren s, 1944, serial 10.525.808

(ci. 19t-.vi

8 Claims.

This invention relates to typewritins machines and with regard to more specic features thereof to typewriting machines embodying automatic operating devices to eiect automatic typing of verbal composition.

A typist during a days work repeats typing of certain most common words and phrases and this demands in each instance his full attention, as a key must be struck for every character and word-space that occurs in such words and phrases.

Examples of such frequent words and phrases, hereinafter referred to as stock-expressions, are

Dear Sir:; Yours truly,; Very truly yours,";

"Sincerely yours,"; etc. In some instances a stock-expression may be a irms name or a trademark, typed in complementary fragments by special complementary types.

It may be easily seen that automatic typing of such entire stock-expressions in response to a mere operation of single key would considerably ease the task of a typist and would also expedite his work inasmuch as automatic typing of a succession of characters can be effected at the greatest possible speed and inasmuch during such automatic typing a typist can to the task still lying ahead.

With the above in view, it is an object of the instant invention to provide eilicient, simple, and

reliably operative means to type certain oftenused multi-character stock-expressions automatically in response to a simple selective manipulation of control means, such as stock-expression selecting keys.

As an adjunct to the foregoing object o f profviding automatic stock-expression typing means, it is also an object of the invention to provide for prompt automatic restoration of said means, so as to be in readiness for promptly effective subsequent action.

A further object of the invention is to provide simple, eflicient, and reliably operating devices for controlling and effecting automatic wordspacing and case-shifting operations in accord'- ance with the requirements of the stock-expressions to be typed.

Also an object of the instant invention is to contrive simple and reliably effective means whereby following automatic typing of some of the said stock-expressions there occurs an auto-v matic power driven return of the paper supporting carriage to a predetermined position, which position may vary in accordance with the exact extent of return to be effected in connection with a. particular stock-expression to be typed. v

A still other object of the invention is to progive advance thought vide a typewriting machinewhich embodies eilicient provision for selective power-typing of single characters, and to combine therewith enlcientand quickly responsive means to bring about automatic' typing 'of multi-character stock-expressions at the will ofthe operator.

Still anotherobiect is to provide, in association with selective automatic expression typing means eiilcient devi'ces whereby when one expression typing 'operation isi'n prggress, no other such expression typing operation can be called into Further objects and features of the invention will be apparent upon consideration of the detailed description which follows, as that description is readin the light oi the accompanying drawings.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating a preferred embodiment.' of the invention:

Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of a typewriting machine of the invention, taken substantially along line I-Iv of Figure 2;

Figure 1a is a fragmentary plan view, illustrating some details of'a clutch controlling mecha- Figure 2 isa fragmentary plan view of the front portion of the typewriting' machine seen in Fig'- ure Figures 3, 4, and 5 show in enlarged cross section-each a rotor or operator, equipped with a different set of control tappets or spurs for respectivelyv inciting automatic typing and other operations for transcribing the stock-expressions: truly yours,; Yours truly,"; and Dear Figure v5a shows a rotor equipped with a caseshift control collar enective to maintain the caseshift while an entire stock-expression is being typed:

Figure 6 depicts power case-shifting mechanism and power word-spacing mechanism with the controlling devices therefor perspectived as seen from the left front side of the machine:

Figure '7 shows an end-portion of one of the aforesaid rotors' with a drive clutch associated therewith, the latter being shown in an open condiion and in cross section longitudinally of the ro r: Y

Figure 8 is a fragmentary front perspective view looking against the inner right side of the typewriting machine and showing certain controlling devices whereby to render the machine se. lectively effective to type automatically any one of several multi-character stock-expressions; l

Figure 9 is a sectional side elevation taken along a selective, power driven carriage return disclosed in the patent to Pitman No. 2,258,715, dated October 14, 1941, together with devices for causing selective returns-automatically incidental to the operation of the machine whereby certain stockexpressions are automatically typed Figure 10 is a diagrammatic representation of an arrangement of spurs for inciting progressive- 1y proper operations for the typing of the phrase Dear Sirz, and also for automatically causing a carriage return to an intermediate return position.

Referring now more particularly to Figure 1, a carriage I is adapted to travel in letter feed and return direction upon front and rear tracks II and I2 respectively, in a manner usual in the conventional Underwood typewriter. The carriage IIJ has case-shiftably supported thereon in a usual manner, a frame I3 carrying a platen I4. Said carriage tracks II and I2 are supported upon the main frame I5 of the machine which also supports a segment I6 whereon a full complement of the type-bars I1 are pivotally mounted for swinging movement to a common typing point, each type-bar I1 having a type-head provided with a lower-case and an upper-case type I8, 2li, re-

' spectively. In the full-line position of the platen I4, see Figure l, the lower-case types I8 will print, but when the platen is raised to the position indicated in dot-and-dash lines, the upper types 20 will print. The type bars I1 are pivoted in an arcuate array on an arcuate pivot rod 2| and each type-bar is connected at its rear to an upright operating lever 22 through a pin-and-slot connection 23, the levers 22 being pivoted at their lower ends upon a common pivot rod 24 and being guided in vertical slots of a frame bar 25 carrying said pivot rod. Extending forwardly fromt the various levers and articulated thereto at points 26, above the rod 24, there are coupler-links or actuators 21 normally inuenced to bear upwardly against a bar 28, under the urge of tensile springs 3U. These springs act in an upward and rearward direction and, therefore, tend constantly to return the associated parts 21, 22 and the typebars to their normal positions in which the latter all lie in an arcuate array against an arcuate rest, not shown. Each of said coupler links 21 carries at its front end a toothed head 3l normally posed idly over a toothed operating shaft 32 extending crosswise of the machine and continuously power driven in the direction of the indicated arrow. It will be seen that whenever one of the actuators 21 is lowered so that its toothed head 3i is engaged with the toothed shaft 32, such actuator will be power actuated forwardly by the shaft 32, and through the lever 22 will actuate the associated type bar I1. For selectively coupling said actuators 21 with the toothed operating shaft 32, there are provided a full complement of fore-and-aft extending type-key levers 33, which are all pivoted near the rear of the machine on a rod 34, and which intermediate this rod and operating key-heads 35 have all a hook-link connection 3B with one of the actuators 21. Said hook-links are carried on their respective levers by means of pin-and-slot connections 31 and springs 38 anchored oppositely to said links and the levers provide for yieldably urged downward movement of the hook-links and associated couplers or actuators under the selective control of the type-key levers 33. This is to permit effective operation of the type-keys even though the teeth of the coupler-head and the shaft 32 may momentarily meet edge to edge. It will be seen further that each spring 38 maintains its connected hook-link resiliently in a forward position defined by cooperation of a laterally extending lip 40 on the hook link with an upright nger 4I on the key lever. The upper or hook-end of the hook-link 36 normally overlies a laterally bent-off ear 42, in position to pull the actuator down. When upon depression of a key an actuator becomes connected to and is being drawn forwardly by the operating shaft 32, and when the type consequently approaches printing position, an inclined face 29 on the actuator engages a deflector device generally designated by the numeral 43, and will cause disengagement of the actuator from the operating shaft. The type, however, will continue to move by momentum to effect printing, whereafter the spring 30 returns the actuator to normal position, enforcing also the return of the type-bar 22 and its operating lever. Should the operator dwell on a key, a repeated power actuation of the type-bal will be frustrated by a temporary engagement of the ear 42 on the returning actuator against the hook-link 36, just above the hook face proper, the hook link 36 being temporarily yielding rearwardly until the key is released and becomes restored under the power of its return spring 49.

The machine embodies also power devices for effecting a relative case-shift between the platen and the types. To the above ends the platencarrying frame I3 is case shaftable by a shift rail 44 which is part of a rockable structure comprising also two spaced side members 45 connected by a rod 46, said structure being rockably carried on the main frame I5 about the axis of the rod. The platen frame is guided upon the carriage I0 for vertical case-shift movements by conventional means, not shown, and the usual devices for establishing case-shift limit positions are also not shown. Referring again to Figure 1 but also to Figure 6, it will be seen that the right side member 45 of the rcckable structure 41 has pivotally attached thereto and extending forwardly therefrom an elongate coupler link or actuator 48, carrying at its forward end a toothed head 50 which is similar to those on the typpaction actuators 21. The toothed head 50 is normally kept out of engagement with the toothed operating shaft 32 by a spring 5I, the power of latter andthe tendency of the rocking frame 41 to settle biasing the actuator rearwardly to normal position. When it is desired to type in upper case the typist may depress either of two caseshift keys 52 provided at opposite ends of the keyboard. These keys consist of levers which are lxedly carried upon a transverse rock shaft 53 fulcrumed at its right end in the frame I5 and at its left end in an upstanding branch of a bracket 54 seen in Figure 2. Operation of either of the case-shift levers 52 transmits motion over a pin-and-slot connection 55 to a lever 56 being pivoted near the rear of the machine upon the pivot rod 34 and having a hook-link connection 51 with the case-shift actuator 48, said hooklink connection being a duplicate of the hooklink connection 3B heretofore described with reference to the type-bar actuating devices. When either one of the case-shift levers or keys 52 is depressed, the actuator 48 with its toothed head 50 is moved downwardly into engagement with the constantly driven operating shaft 32, with the result that a forward movement is imparted to the case-shift actuator 48 and that the platen frame is thrown to upper case position.v Just before the upper case position is reached the toothed actuator headl 50 is cammed clear of the toothed shaft 32 by the engagement of the inclined face von the actuator with the deflecting device 28, but completion of the shifting movement is assured by reason of the inertia stored in the parts. So that the platen may remain in case shifted position for the full duration of the caseshift key depression, there is provided on the frame, pivotally mounted, a latch member 58 which, upon completion of the shift movement of the platen frame, drops to a position wherein a. shoulder 88 thereon cooperates with a pin 8l on the actuator 48 to hold the latter in the for ward position. However, as soon as the operator releases the operated case-shift key, the lever 56 will rise to normal position under the urge of a returning spring 62 and will, through a lifter 62 pivoted thereto, raise the latch 58 from the pin 8|; wherefore, resultingly the actuator 48 and also the platen frame I3 will return to normal lower case position under the stored power of gravity of the platen frame and the power of the spring 5|. The upper end of the lifter 82 may be guided in a slot 54 of the frame bar 25, see Figure 6, the rod 24 constituting a closure for the open side of the slot.

The carriage is normally urged to move leftwardly as seen from the front, but its letterfeed movement is governed by a letter-feed controlling mechanism comprising, an escapement device 65 normally checking an escapement wheel 88 against letter-feed rotation, said escapement wheel being supported `for rotation on the frame, in the usual manner,` and being geared to the carriage by means of a pinion 61 and a carriage rack 68. At the end of each type-bar printing stroke a heel 10 onthe operated type bar forces the conventional universal bar 1| rearwardly to actuate the escapment 85 and thereby to cause a letter-feed movement of the carriage, the universal bar being guided at the front in the segment I 6, and at the rear by spaced arms 12 of a rocker frame 68 having pivotal connections with the universal bar. The escapement 85 assumes a normal position upon the return of each operated type-bar, in readiness forv a new carriage feeding operation.

Power mechanism is provided to actuate the escapement 65 responsive to the depression of a space-key 13 such as when it is desired to introduce a word space. This power mechanism comprises an actuator 14 which is operable similarly to the type-action actuators 21, and when operated actuates a mechanical train to the rocker frame 68, comprising an arm 15 having an abutting pin connection with an arm 16 fast upon. a transverse rock shaft 11, which shaft has, midways of the machine,'a rearwardly extending arm 18 operatively associated with a forwardly and downwardly extending branch 19 of the rocker frame 89.- V'Ihelarm 15 is pivoted on the rod 24 in the same manner in which the type action operating arms 22 `are pivoted and, similarly to the other actuators, the actuator 14 is normally maintained in contact with the bar 28 under the influence of a spring 8| so that its toothed head 88 is normally clear of the operating shaft 32, the spring 8| being also effective to return this actuator and connected mechanism to normal position. 'I'he actuator 14 is lowered for operation by the constantly operating shaft 32 through a hook-link 82 supported upon a lever 83 which is operable through aleftmost one of three supporting arms 85 of the space key 13, over a pin and slot connection 84. The details of the structure of the hook-link 82 are similar to Ythose of vthe hook-links 38 heretofore described in con- Automatic stock-expression typing Upon the underside of the machine, there are a plurality of selectively rotatable operators or rotors 88, each provided with means that represent a. particular sequence of operation for the types and the word spacing mechanism, in correspondence with a certain stock-expression to be selectable-for automatic typing. 'I'he rotors or operators, three of which are provided in the shown embodiment of the invention. are in the form of square shafts 92 being substantially coextensive with the width of the machine and having reduced fulcrum ends extending oppositely into vertically disposed bracket plates 83 fastened by screws, not shown, against the inner sides of the opposite side walls of the machine frame l5. Extending downwardly and rearwardly underneath the rotors 98 from the various type-key levers 33 and the spacing lever 83 are reaches 84 which have prongs 95 directly underneath and pointing towards the three rotors. At, appropriate locations along the square shafts 92 there are collars 98 which have each one or more radially projecting tappets or spurs 98, these spurs on the several rotors being relatively arranged to act upon rotation of the rotor on the underlying prongs 85 of the various levers 33 and 83 in such order as to bring about a particular sequence of operation of the typing levers 33 and the spacing levers 83 resulting in the typing of a certain stock-expression.

Stating it diierently, rotation of any rotor causes the associated prongs to read out and translate the sequence representations into typekey operations.

Additional to the collars 99 the rotors may have collars 99a and 89h, respectively having spurs or tappets 86a and 98h for respectively caliing'into being automatic case shifting operations and automatic carriage returning operations.

The several rotors shown in the illustrated embodiment of the invention are equipped, the foremost one with spurs for typing the phrase Dear Sirz, and those successively more rearward, with spurs for typing "Yours truly, and Very truly yours,. A diagrammatic representation of the arrangement of the spurs on the foremost rotor is given in Figure 10 in flattened aspect. It will be noted that the spurs for initiating the appropriate operations for typing Dear Sirz are shown in this view, top to bottom, in the order of their timed arrangement around the rotor, the

signlcance of which arrangement will become more clear hereinafter.

The several rotors 98 are adapted to be called into use individually by selective operation of neighboring rotor shafts are in constant mesh with each other and constantly, but normally idly driven by a gear train |00, |02, |03, see Figures 1 and 2, connecting the rearmost gear 98 with the aforementioned toothed operating shaft 32, it being noted that the gear 98 upon the middle rotor, as viewed in Figure 1, rotates clockwise whereas the gears 98 on the other two rotors rotate counterclockwise. Each of the several gears 98 is axially maintained in position by a shaft shoulder 92h and a retainer screw ||9 reaching into a circumferential groove in the shaft, see Figure 7.

' For detenting the rotors in their normal positions seen in Figures 1, 2 8, 9, each rotor shaft 92 has near its left end, see Figures -2 and 9, a collar |04 provided with a detent notch |05 and upon each of these an individual detent finger |06 resiliently bears down under the tension of a spring |01.

Devices are provided whereby upon operation of any one of the selector keys 91 the appropriate rotor 90 is clutched to the gear 98 thereon for. a single revolution, the position of the rotor and the spurs after each revolution being such that typing results promptly at the very start of each revolution. Drawing now attention to Figures 2 and '7, it will be seen that each rotor shaft 92 carries axially slidable thereon a clutch member |08 having a clutch cone |09 for engagement with a cone-shaped clutch cavity ||0 in a hub of the axially adjacent gear 98. The clutch member |08 is slidably splined to the rotor shaft as at and when it is shifted leftwardly to engage its cone |09 with the counterpart ||0 on the gear 98, the gear will drive the rotor. Whenever it is desired to print one of the stock-expressions, the operator merely pushes the proper selective 'key 91 rearwardly, thereby causing a key-slide ||2 to impart a turning movement to a vertical shaft ||3, the latter for this purpose having an arm ||4 wherewith the key-slide has. an articulation ||5. Said turning movement of shaft ||3 is transmitted to a clutch operating member ||6 having a vertical pin engaging a circumferential groove ||1 in the clutch member |08. In turning any one of` the shafts ||3 for closure of the associated clutch, there is swung in a forward direction a horizontal arm I8, see particularly Figures 2 and 8, such arm having a hub |20 for fastening it to the shaft |3. Overlying the left end of each one of the several arms ||8 is a latching lever |2| and these levers are pivoted in laterally adjacent relation upon a common, frame-supported pivot stud |22, whereon incidentally also the gears |0| and |02 rotate, and are resiliently urged down upon the several arms ||8, by means of springs |23. Said levers |2| permit normally unobstructed forward swinging of the said arms ||8 and when any particular rotor clutch has been closed through selective operation of its associated key, one of the levers |2| will present a shoulder |24 directly in back of the operated arm ||8, thus retaining it and the key in operated position even though the operator may remove the finger from the key. Therefore, obviously, the operator need only tap the keys 91, inasmuch as in each case the appropriate clutch thereafter is held closed. Any rotor for which the control key has been operated cycles one full revolution, at the end of which the effective latch lever |2I will be given an upward displacement by engagement of a rotor-carried cam tooth |26 with a cam face |21 on the lever, resulting in the freeing of the arm ||8 from the shoulder |24, and in the return of the shaft ||3 and the key to normal, open-clutch position, under theurge of a, spring |33 attached to an arm |34 integral with the arm ||4. Said cam teeth |26 are provided on collars |28 fastened to the rotor shafts. To assure firm engagement of the clutch |09, |0. there is provided, coiled around the arm hub |20, a torque spring |30 which so connects the arm I8 with the clutch operating member I6 that the former resiliently actuates the latter, the condition being such that the clutch becomes closed before the arm ||9 is fully operated and locked by the shoulder |24; it being noted here that the clutch operating member I6 has a bail-like portion |32 by means of which it is pivotally carried on the shaft ||3 in an axial location defined by the arm hub |20. The normal relation between the clutch operating member ||6 and the arm ||8 is established by engagement of a finger |3| on the arm ||8 with said bail portion |32.

Certain phrases or stock-expressions call for the typing of one or more upper-case characters. Accordingly, the rotors may have each a collar 99a with one or more case-shift signifying or controlling tappets or spurs 98a located in properly timed relations with respect to the other spurs. These case-shift controlling spurs 96a act upon prongs a of which there is one underneath each of said collars 99a and all of which are part of a lever |36, best seen in Figure 6. The lever |36 is pivoted in the same manner as the levers 33 and 83 and has at its front a pin and slot connection |31 with the left case-shift key 52. Consequently, whenever one of the case-shift spurs 96a wipes over one of the prongs 95a, the lever |36 will be cammed downwardly and through the connection |31 will operate the case-shift keys 52, resulting in the depression of the lever 56 and the connection of case-shift actuator 48 with the toothed shaft 32, and ensuingly in a case-shift of the platen by power to upper case. Inasmuch as the case-shifting operation must be completed before the actual imprint takes place, and since the case shift must be maintained until the imprint h as been made, the case-shift spurs 96a have rises |38 which are timed in advance of the rises on those character spurs in behalf of which they are intended to act, andhave, furthermore dwells |39 to sustain the case-shift for an appropriate period, it being recalled here that the platen frame remains locked in upper case by the latch 58 as long as the case-shift key 52 remains operated. As soon as an operating case-shift spur 96a passes or clears a prong, the lever |36l will be restored by its spring |40, wherefore also the lever 56 is restored, thereby causing the release of case-shift latch 58 by the lifter 63 and consequent restoration of the platen.

If a stock-expression calls for the typing of several succeeding characters in upper case, the dwell |39 is extended to maintain the machine case-shifted while typing of val1 such characters is effected. In the event the phrase consists entirely of upper case characters, the dwell |39 may be extending almost fully around as shown in Figure 5a, leaving substantially a notch large enough only to provide a clearance for the underlying prong when the rotor is in normal position, meaning, that the case-shift latch 58 remains active while the entire expression is being automatically typed.

Automatic carriage return Certain phrases or expressions, as, for example,

a specic position after typing thereof has been effected. For instance after typing Dear Sir:, the next line is usually indented, that is the return of the carriage is to an intermediate position. On the other hand, writing of such phrases as Yours truly, require a full return of the carriage. In appreciation of this, the inventionl provides for automatically initiated carriage returns to a number of speoic predetermined positions, in direct dependence of the particular phrase or stock printing operation called into being by the control keys 91. Directing now attention to Figure 9 there is shown a portion of the selective carriage return mechanism disclosed in the patent to Pitman No. 2,258,715 of October 14, 1941, together with devices whereby automatic carriage returns will follow automatic typing of stock expressions, whenever this is desired.

So far as it is thought helpful to an understanding of the invention, certain features of the carriage return of said patent will now be described. The mechanism of said patent, provides for the return of the carriage by power to an extreme or rightmost returned position when a carriage return key CR. is depressed. Upon depression of another return key RI, the carriage will be power-returned to a right intermediate position, whereas if a key LI is operated, there will follow a power-return to a left intermediate position, such latter position defining the shortest return. 'I'he three keys CR, LI, and RI are mounted respectively on key levers |4|, |42, |43 and are shown disposed at the left end of the usual keyboard. Depression of any one of said return keys rocks its associated lever counterclockwise of Figure 9 about a common fulcrum |44 in the framework of the machine. Each of the said carriage return key levers has an upright arm |45 terminating in a cam end at its top. The severa1 cam ends 45 normally stand, side by side, behind a broad pawl nose |46 of a piece |41 pivotally carried on the forward end of a link |43, the latter being part of a carriage return clutch closing mechanism fully disclosed in the aforesaid patent to Pitman. Said link |48 is normally held in a forward position by reason of a shoulder thereof engaging a lug |52, but upon depression of any one of said carriage return keys the link |48 will be cammed upwardly by one of the arms |45, sufficiently to free the shoulder |5| from the lock |52. Resultingly, the link |48 is spring-moved rearwardly to close a carriage return clutch, not shown, in the manner fully disclosed in the said patent to Pitman. The machine of said patent embodies three carriage return stops, not shown, one of which is an extreme return stop normally in position to terminate a return called into being by depression of the key CR. The other two stops are a right and a left intermediate stop respectively adapted to be called into use by the depression of key RI, and the key LI, through differing extent setting movements impartable to an upright link |53 from the key levers |42, |43. by the medium of a bell crank |54, said bell crank being pivoted on the stud |44 and having a pin |55 lying in front of only those upright arms |45 which belong to the keys |42, |43. More specifically, the key |43 when depressed, lifts the link |53 through said bell crank |54 a single step, thereby to select the right intermediate stop, and the key |42 when operated, lifts the link two steps, thereby to select the left intermediate stop, a latch mechanism |56 being provided to detain the link |53 in either of the two lifted positions. It will thus be seen that the carriage is returnable by motor power in response to by depression of the keys CR, LI, RI, respectively to a full return position, a lei't intermediate position, or

a right intermediate position, it being understood that at the termination of any return the mechanism becomes normalized, as fully disclosed in said patent to Pitman. Attention is also directed to thel fact that said carriage return stops are presentable by hand to different carriage return terminating positions and further that incidental to each power-operated carriage return there occurs automatically a line spacing operation of the platen to present a new typing line opposite the typing point.

The machine of the present invention provides for selective operation oi' said carriage return keys automatically as an incident to automatic typing of stock-expressions, and directing now particular attention to Figure 2, in addition to Figure 9, itwill be seen that those up-right arms' |45 belonging to the keys CR and RI have links |60 in abutting relation directly in back thereof. Each of these links |60 is guided near its front end in a perforation in a usual key-lever combplate |59 and is power operable by an actuator |6| through an upright lever |62, these actuators being normally clear of the toothed power shaft 32 but being transitorily connectable therewith by operation of a lever |63 having a hook-link connection |64 for drawing the actuator |6| into motion receiving engagement with said shaft. Said levers |63 extend underneath the rotors and have prongs h thereon for actuation by carriage return spurs 96h provided on collars 99h fastened on the rotor shafts. In the particular embodiment of the invention shown, the front` rotor has spurs arranged for typing Dear Sirz and since such phrase is ordinarily to be followed by a return oi the carriage to a paragraph in position, this rotor is provided with a collar and spur located to operate the left one of two levers |63, this lever being in control of the power operating train |6|, |62, |60 leading up to the key lever arm |45 of the carriage return key RI. Since after the typing of such phrases as Yours truly, and Very truly yours, it is usually in order to return the carriage to an extreme return position, the two other rotors have each a collar with a spur 96h thereon for the calling into operation that power train I6 I, |62, |60 which leads tov the key lever arm |45 of the key CR. IThe spurs 96h, of course, are arranged to act on the associated prongs 95h just after the last character of the phrase has been printed. A yielding connection |69 is provided between the levers |62 and the links. This connection yields after full operation of the arm |45 by the link |60, the actuator |6| being given an excess amount oi motion to make close adjustment of throw unnecessary.

Typing of a short phrase suchas Dear Sirz The key-slides ||2 vare guided at the front in slots |65 provided upon an inwardly reaching rib of the right side wall of the machine, such slots being closed at the left by a fixed plate |66. At the rear the slides are guided in open slots |68 of a block |61 carrying a rear plate |10 closing oft the slots |68 at the left sides, said plate having anchorages |1| for the several key restoring springs |33. Tabs |12 extending laterally from the rear end of the key-slides establish normally in cooperation with the block |61 the normal positions of the keys 81 and connected mechanism. The extent of operation of the several keys is limited by other tabs |13 adapted to engage the front side of the block |61. A shelflike bracket |14 serves to support pivotally the shafts H3 at their upper region and at the rear this same shaft has fastened thereto in an upright position the said block |61. A horizontal shelf of the right hand bracket plate 93 supports pivotally the lower ends of the shafts H3.

Theinvention provides that no more than one selector key is operable at a time and since the key when once operated will be detained in operated position by cooperation of the latch shoulder |24 with the arm IIB, it follows that one phrase printing operation cannot be initiated while another is still in progress. To the above end the key-slides have locking tabs |15, any one of which when a key is operated will crowd round-ended lock members M6 obstructively in front, of the other tabs, said` lock members |16 being accommodated for vertical displacement in a vertical yperforation of the block |61 being closed oil' at opposite ends by screws |11, it being at no time possible to advance more than one of the said tabs to operated position. It follows, therefore, that the keys 91` are incapacitated whenever a stock-expression is being automatically typed.

The carriage return mechanism is intermittently driven by an electric motor, not shown, which motor constantly drives the toothed shaft 32 by means of a transmission including a belt and pulley drive |18 shown in Figure 2.

The various spur-carrying collars are fitted non-rotatively on their shaft 92 and are clamped by screws |19 in their proper locations.

- Whatever expression selecting key 91 may be operated, the machine will promptlyk begin to translate the functional representations of the spurs into character typing and other operations, and in the fastest practical succession, so that typing by the conventional type keys may be resumed at the earliest possible moment, which may be even before the operated rotor has returned to its normal position. The spurs and cooperating prongs are shaped to allow expeditious return of the-prong-bearing levers to normal positions, ready for'renewed operations by succeeding spurs. After the representations have been translated .there follows a prompt restoration of the operated rotor, following which the representations are posed for prompt successive transcriptive action. l

Wherevera stock-expression contains a space followed by an upper case character, as for example in the phrase Dear Sir:", 'the controlling space spur andthe case-shift spur may commence to act simultaneously. However, the case-shift spur is providedwith a long dwell for sustaining the case-shift until the spacing spur and the character spur have successively been active. See schematic representation given in Figure 10.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, and portions of improvement may be used without others.

`assi-geve Having thus described'my invention, I claim:

1f. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a series of types which are selectively actuatable to 9, common typing point, of a poweroperating-member common to all said types, a series of normally idle type-actuators disposed laterally of each other in the machine, each actuator connectible transitorily with said poweroperating-member for individual operation thereby, and each actuator, when so connected, being effective to actuate a particular one of said types to said typing point, means including a type-key, individual to each actuator and disposed laterally of each other in the machine, each operable to connect transitorily for a single action the associated type-actuator with said power-operatingmember for a single typing operation, a plurality of sets of camming tappets for operating control of said individual connecting means, the tappets of the different sets being disposed relatively to one another to comprise together different specific programs of operating control for said individual connecting means in accordance with different stock-expressions to be typed, mechanical means to translate the relative disposition of the tappets of said sets into the programs of operation of said individual connecting means which they comprise, said translating means including means normally posed for immediate relative read-out movement with respect to any one of the several sets of tappets, normally ineffective power means selectively conditionable to impart relative readout movements between any one of different sets of tappets and said posed means at controlled speed, and thereafter to effect prompt relative restoration therebetween, and selectively operable key-means to condition selectively said power means to impart any one of said relative read-out movements. l

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a series of types which are selectively actuatable to a common typing point, of a poweroperating-member common to all said types, a series of4 normally idle type-actuators disposed laterally of each other in the machine, each actuator connectible transitorily with said poweroperatngmember for individual operation thereby, and each actuator, when operated, being effective to actuate a particular one of said types to said typing point, a plurality of elements extending parallel to the direction in which said actuators are disposed laterally of each other, said elements being severally formed to control connection of the said actuators with said poweroperating-member in accordance with appropriate connecting programs called for, for typing certain stock-expressions, each of said elements being normally stationary, but operable for promptly Vbringing into effect the program of actuator connections which its particular form controls, means to power-operate said elements selectively and at sumciently slow speed to cause successive power operation of the desired types by with a series of types which are selectively actuatable to a. common typing point, oi a poweroperating-member common to all said types. a series of normally idle type-actuators disposed laterally of each other in the machine, each actuator connectible transitorily with said poweroperating-member for individual operation thereby, and each actuator, when operated, being effective to actuate a particular one of said types to said typing point, means individual to said actuators for connecting them for single operations by said power-operating-member, said connecting means being disposed laterally of each other in the machine, a plurality of elements extending parallel to the direction in which said connecting means are disposed laterally of each other, each of said elements having a series of camming tappets in relative locations thereon to represent together a distinct program of connecting sequences for said actuators in accordance with a specic stock-expression to be typed, each element, with its tappets, being normally stationary, but operable for substantially immediate action of its set of camming tappets on said connecting means to operate on the latter in accordance with the connecting sequences represented by its set of tappets, means to power-operate said elements selectively at controlled speed for seriatim action of the tappets on said connecting means, followed by a prompt automatic restoration of the operated elements to normal position, said power means including normally inoperative individual driving connections for said elements, and key-means to render said driving connections selectively operative for an operation of any desired one of said elements followed by a said restoration thereof.

4. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a series of types which are selectively actuatable to a common typing point, of a poweroperating-member common to all said types, a series of normally idle type-actuators disposed laterally of each other in the machine, each actuator connectible transitorily with said poweroperating-member for individual operation thereby, and each actuator. when operated, being effective to actuate a particular one of said types to said typing point. means individual to said actuators for connecting them to said operating members for single operations thereby, said-connecting means being disposed laterally of each other in the machine, a plurality of rotors'disposed in parallel to the direction in which said actuators are disposed laterally to each other, each rotor being normally stationary and being arranged and formed for cooperation with said connecting means to cause the latter in the course of one rotor revolution to be operated in accordance with a program suited for typing a certain stock-expression, normally inoperative power means to impart single revolutions to any one of said rotors at sufciently slow speed for the types to make consecutive imprints, said rotors being normally positioned for promptly bringing into eifect their programs of operations for said connecting means, and special keys selectively operable to cause said power means to impart a single revolution to any one rotor.

5. In a typewriting machine, the combination with series of types which are selectively actuatable to a common typing point. of a poweroperating-member common to all said types, a series of normally idle type-actuators disposed laterally of each other in the machine, each actuator connectible transitorily with said poweroperating-member for individual operation thereby, and each actuator, when operated, being effective to actuate a particular one of said types to said typing point, a plurality of elements extending parallel to the direction in which said connecting means are disposed laterally of each other, said elements being severally formed to control connection `of said actuators in accordance with appropriate connecting programs called for, for typing certain stock-expressions, each of said elements being normally stationary, but operable for' promptly bringing into effect the program of operation which its particular form controls, means to power-operate said elements selectively and at sufilciently slow speed to cause successive power-operation of the desired types by said actuators in accordance with the said programs of operation, said power-operating means including, a continuously running motor, and

normally inoperative selective driving means for said elements, and including also provision for prompt return of said elements following the typing of the stock-expression, a special key as? sociated with each one of said elements, means responsive to operation of any one of said special keys to render the selective driving means operative upon the element that is associated with the operated special key, and responsive also to the operation of any special key to incapacitate the other special keys for the interim in which typing operations result, said responsive means including means, operative independently of the early release of the operated special key by the operator, to maintain the other special keys incapacitated so long as typing operations are being called into effect by the operated element.

6. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a series of types which are selectively actuatable to a common typing point, of a poweroperating-member common to all said types, a series of normally idle type-actuators disposed laterally of each other in the machine, each actuator connectible transitorily with said power operating member for individual operation thereby, and each actuator, when operated, being effective to actuate a particular` one of said types to said typing point. means individual to said actuators for connecting them to said operating members for single operations thereby, said connecting means being disposed laterally of each other in the machine, a plurality of rotors disposed in parallel to the direction in which said actuators are disposed laterally to each other, each rotor being normally stationary and being arranged and formed for cooperation with said connecting means to cause the latter, in the course of one rotor revolution, to be operated in' accordance with a program suited for typing a certain which is associated with the operated special key,

and responsive further to operation of any one of said special keys to incapacitate thefother said special keys in the interim the typing operations resulting from the revolution imparted to the rotor' are being automatically eilected, said responsive means including rotor-controlled means,

operative independently of an early release of the operated special key by the operator, to maintain the other special keys incapacitated so long as typing operations are being called into eiect transitorily connectible to said power-operating-member to actuate, depending on the caseposition vof said body, either an upper or a lowercase type to the typing point, means including a plurality of camming tappets disposed with respect to each other for connecting control of said actuators in accordance with a predetermined program of successive operation for said actuators, a part movable from and to a normal position, power means responsive to movement of said parts from said normal position to move said case-shift body from said lower-case to said upper-case position, and responsive to movement of said part to said normal position to move said -body from said upper to said lower-case position, said power means including electric-motoractuated-means to move said body at least from one to the other of said two case-positions, and cam-means comprising a rise and a drop-off with an intervening dwell, said rise and drop-off being to control opposite movement of said part respectively to the said two case-positions, and being disposed for effecting such control at certain spaced points in said predetermined program of operation for said actuators, normally ineffective mechanical means to translate the relative disposition of said tappets into actuator connections in accordance with the said program, and also to translate the disposition of said rise and the said drop-off into opposite movements of said part at said spaced points in said program, said translating means including, means adapted for relative read-out movement with respect to said tappets and said cam-means, and including also power-means conditionable to impart said relative read-out movement at controlled speed, and means to render said mechanical translating means effective.

8. In a typewriting machine, the combination with lower and upper-case sets of types, of a body shiftably positionable in the machine in either a lower or an upper-case position for rendering respectively said lower-case or said uppercase set of types selectively actuatable for typing at a common typing point, va series of normally idle type-actuators disposed laterally of each other in the machine, a power-operatingmember common to all said actuators, said typeactuators being normally idle but being each transitorily connectible to said power-operatingmember to actuate, depending on the case-position of said body, either an upper or a lower-case type to the typing point, a plurality of elements extending parallel to the direction in which said connecting means are disposed laterally of each other, each of said elements having a series of camming tappets in relative locations thereon to represent together a distinct program of connecting sequences for said actuators in accordance with a specific stock-expression to be typed, a part movable from and to a normal position, power means responsive to movement of said part from said normal position to move said shift body from said lower to said upper-case' position, and responsive to movement of said part to said normal position to move said body from said upper to said lower-case position, said power means including electric-motor-actuated-means to move said body at least from one to the other of said two case-positions, cam-means on said elements, comprising rises and drop-offs with intervening operatively inactive zones, said rises and dropois being disposed for controlling movement of said part respectively to and from operated position to cause case-shift of said body to uppercase position in advance of certain actuator connections effected under control of said camming tappets, said inactive zones being provided to maintain case-shift of said body to upper-case position until an appropriate one or more typing impressions have been effected by one or more successively connected actuators, said elements being normally stationary, but individually operable to bring into effect substantially immediately the program of actuator-connections represented by the sets of tappets thereon, and also to bring into effect the ease shifts represented by said rises and drop-offs, means to power-operate said elements selectively at controlled speed for the assigned functions of their sets of tappets and cam-means, followed by prompt automatic restoration of the operated element to normal position, and means to render said power operating means selectively operative with respect to the said dierent elements.

ALFRED G. F. KUROWSKI. 

